Deployment¶
Overview¶
The Gustaffo Reservations Application uses a containerized deployment approach with Kubernetes for orchestration. This document outlines the deployment architecture, environments, and processes.
Deployment Architecture¶
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 |
|
Environments¶
Development¶
- Purpose: Feature development and initial testing
- Deployment Frequency: On every commit to feature branches
- Data: Anonymized subset of production data
- Access: Development team only
- Infrastructure: Shared Kubernetes cluster with namespace isolation
Testing¶
- Purpose: QA testing, integration testing, and user acceptance testing
- Deployment Frequency: After feature completion and PR approval
- Data: Test data with production-like volume and variety
- Access: Development and QA teams
- Infrastructure: Dedicated Kubernetes cluster with production-like configuration
Staging¶
- Purpose: Pre-production validation and performance testing
- Deployment Frequency: Before production releases
- Data: Full production-like dataset (anonymized where necessary)
- Access: Development, QA, and operations teams
- Infrastructure: Production-equivalent configuration
Production¶
- Purpose: Live system serving end users
- Deployment Frequency: Scheduled releases after staging validation
- Data: Live production data
- Access: Limited to operations team with role-based access
- Infrastructure: Highly available, multi-region Kubernetes clusters
Deployment Process¶
CI/CD Pipeline¶
- Code Commit: Developer commits code to feature branch
- Automated Testing: Unit tests, integration tests, and static analysis run
- Build: Container images built and tagged with commit hash
- Artifact Storage: Images pushed to container registry
- Deployment Approval: Manual approval for production deployments
- Deployment: Kubernetes manifests applied to target environment
- Smoke Tests: Basic functionality tests run post-deployment
- Monitoring: Deployment metrics monitored for anomalies
Deployment Tools¶
- Git: Source code management
- Jenkins: CI/CD pipeline orchestration
- Docker: Container runtime
- Kubernetes: Container orchestration
- Helm: Kubernetes package management
- ArgoCD: GitOps continuous delivery
- Prometheus & Grafana: Monitoring and alerting
Configuration Management¶
Environment-Specific Configuration¶
Configuration is managed using Kubernetes ConfigMaps and Secrets:
- ConfigMaps: Non-sensitive configuration parameters
- Secrets: Sensitive information like credentials and API keys
- Sealed Secrets: Encrypted secrets stored in Git
Feature Flags¶
Feature flags are used to control feature availability in different environments:
- Implemented using a feature flag service
- Allows for gradual rollout of features
- Supports A/B testing and canary releases
Release Management¶
Release Strategy¶
- Release Schedule: Bi-weekly releases to production
- Hotfixes: Emergency fixes for critical issues
- Versioning: Semantic versioning (MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH)
- Release Notes: Generated from JIRA tickets and pull requests
Deployment Strategies¶
- Blue/Green Deployment: Parallel environments for zero-downtime updates
- Canary Releases: Gradual rollout to a subset of users
- Feature Flags: Toggle features without deployment
Rollback Procedures¶
In case of deployment issues, the following rollback procedures are in place:
- Automated Rollback: Triggered by failing health checks
- Manual Rollback: Initiated by operations team
- Version Rollback: Redeploying previous stable version
- Feature Flag Disable: Disabling problematic features
Database Migrations¶
- Migration Scripts: Versioned SQL scripts using Flyway
- Forward-Only: Migrations are designed to be forward-only
- Testing: Migrations tested in lower environments before production
- Backup: Database backed up before migrations
Infrastructure as Code¶
All infrastructure is defined as code using:
- Terraform: For cloud infrastructure provisioning
- Kubernetes Manifests: For application deployment
- Helm Charts: For reusable application components
- Ansible: For configuration management
Monitoring and Observability¶
Deployment monitoring includes:
- Health Checks: Regular probing of service endpoints
- Metrics: Application and infrastructure metrics collection
- Logs: Centralized logging with structured log format
- Tracing: Distributed tracing for request flows
- Alerts: Automated alerting for deployment issues
Security Considerations¶
- Vulnerability Scanning: Container images scanned before deployment
- Secret Management: Secure handling of credentials and certificates
- Network Policies: Restricted network communication between services
- Pod Security Policies: Enforced security context for containers
Disaster Recovery¶
- Regular Backups: Automated backups of all critical data
- Multi-Region Deployment: Production deployed across multiple regions
- Failover Procedures: Documented procedures for regional failover
- Recovery Time Objective (RTO): 1 hour
- Recovery Point Objective (RPO): 15 minutes